Underground energy storage utilizing concrete building foundation: Experimental and numerical approach

Space heating and cooling represent 63% of total building energy demand. In the present study, the concept of concrete foundation piles was used as an underground storage medium. This system requires no additional drilling costs or space, unlike conventional boreholes. A laboratory-scaled experiment facility was designed to experimentally investigate the thermal response of a concrete pile during the charging and discharging processes. The amount of energy stored and released during each process was evaluated. A flow rate parametric study was also conducted to explore the effect of the laminar and turbulent flow behavior. In order to complement the experimental study, an extensive CFD model was developed and compared with the experimental data. There was good agreement between the numerical and experimental results for each process at different flow rates. The results revealed that increasing the flow rate increases not only the heat rejection and extraction but also the storage efficiency.     

榆神矿区煤炭开采的地下水动态演化规律

榆神矿区浅表层水资源短缺,生态脆弱,在划分主采煤层上覆含、隔水层组合类型的基础上,采用Visual Modflow软件构建煤层开采的地下水流数值模型,研究地下水流场演化规律,统计区内地下水位观测网(56个水文观测孔)近3年的有效观测数据,掌握首采煤层开采地下水位动态变化。结果表明:2020年第四系萨拉乌苏组潜水流场与2005年统测地下水流场形态基本一致,地下水位降深值在西南部达10 m;近3年的地下水位未发生明显变化,仅YS22钻孔处受村民井取水引起水位下降。研究成果对榆神矿区地下水资源保护与利用具有重要的指导意义。     

Testing the performance of CIECAM02 from 100 to 3500 cd/m2

Color appearance models were developed to characterize the color attributes of stimuli under different viewing conditions based on data collected through magnitude estimation or color matching experiments. Although human beings experience very high light levels under daylight and the reproduction of colors under daylight is important in the color and imaging industries, the existing color appearance models were developed based on the data that were collected under the conditions with luminance levels below 700 cd/m² due to the lack of facilities to produce stable illumination at high light levels. A recent study investigating color preference of an artwork under a wide range of light levels from 20 to 15 000 lx suggested that CIECAM02 cannot accurately characterize the color appearance under extremely high light levels. This study was designed to directly test the performance of CIECAM02 from 100 to 3500 cd/m². Human observers performed color match for four hues under a series pairs of adapting conditions with a haploscopic viewing condition. It was found that CIECAM02 had the best performance in characterizing the hue angles but the worse performance in characterizing the brightness with a maximum underprediction around 200% across a wide range of luminance. This was mainly due to the fact that CIECAM02 was developed based on the data collected under relatively low adapting luminance levels. The color appearance model that was proposed to use the adapting luminance levels in characterizing the cone compression in the postadaptation process was found to have a much better performance in characterizing the brightness.     

Effect of Ni loading on SBA-15 synthesized from palm oil fuel ash waste for hydrogen production via CH4 dry reforming

The successful synthesis of SBA-15 using silica source extracted from palm oil fuel ash (POFA) was proven with the presence of mesostructure characteristics as evidenced by low angle XRD, N₂ adsorption-desorption isotherms and TEM. Different amounts of Ni were loaded on the synthesized SBA-15(POFA) using the impregnation method at 80 °C. The influence of Ni loading over the Ni/SBA-15(POFA) physiochemical properties and CO₂ reforming of CH₄ (CRM) were investigated in a stainless steel fixed-bed reactor at 800 °C and atmospheric pressure with 1:1 CO₂:CH₄ volumetric feed composition. An increment in Ni loading on SBA-15(POFA) from 1 to 5 wt% decreased the BET surface area and crystallinity of catalyst as proven by N₂ adsorption–desorption and XRD analysis. The catalytic performance of CRM followed the sequence of 3 wt% > 5 wt% > 2 wt% > 1 wt% -Ni/SBA-15(POFA). This result was owing to the even distribution of Ni and good Ni–O–Si interaction of 3 wt% Ni/SBA-15(POFA) as proved by TEM, FTIR and XPS. Lowest H₂/CO ratio and catalyst activity and stability of 1 wt% Ni/SBA-15(POFA) were due to the weaker Ni–O–Si interaction and small amount of basic sites that favor the reverse water gas shift (RWGS) reaction and carbon formation. The recent finding indicates that a quantity as small as 3 wt% Ni loaded onto SBA-15(POFA) could elicit outstanding catalytic performance in CRM, which was comparable with 10 wt% Ni loading catalysts reported in literature.     

基于AIC信息准则的Delta T声发射源定位方法

疲劳断裂是金属结构中的主要失效形式,而金属结构中的早期疲劳断裂信号通常难以检测。TOA方法是常用的声发射定位源方法,但是声波传播过程中波速变换和路径的复杂性对其结果影响很大。运用Delta T声发射源定位方法,用断铅实验模拟声发射源,用AIC信息准则对到达时间进行优化,通过使用差值求源点坐标和图像处理的方法,求得声发射源坐标。通过在平板上的实验,比较两种源定位方法在不同结构中的定位结果,分析定位误差,结果表明图像处理方法更为优秀。     

曙光煤矿1226综采工作面瓦斯抽采技术

采用综合应用理论分析、现场实测的方法,对山西汾西集团曙光煤矿1226高瓦斯综采工作面瓦斯来源进行了分析,提出并实施了分区段“风排+煤层钻孔抽放+裂隙带钻孔抽放”的联合瓦斯抽采技术。现场监测结果显示:1226综采工作面上隅角瓦斯浓度控制在0.45%~0.75%,回风流中瓦斯浓度控制在了0.44%~0.75%,瓦斯治理效果明显改善。     

Microplastics in soils: a review of possible sources,analytical methods and ecological impacts

Microplastics are emerging persistent pollutants that have been extensively detected in aqueous environments. Yet, scientists have little knowledge of microplastic pollution in soils. This study reviewed over 60 articles, with the following objectives: (i) to discuss sources and the global distribution of microplastics in soils; (ii) to evaluate current extraction techniques and analytical methods for microplastics in soils; and (iii) to comprehensively assess their adverse impacts on soils and soil organisms. Moreover, this review highlights the lack of research into microplastic contamination in soils as a significant knowledge gap. Research into the fate, sources and analytical techniques of soil microplastics and the interactions between soil organisms, soils and microplastics is essential in order to underpin management decisions aimed at safeguarding the ecological integrity of our soils. © 2020 Society of Chemical Industry     

COB LED自动在线点胶测试补粉机的研制

在COB(Chip On Board)LED光组件制造领域,点胶、测试和补粉关键工艺基本以手工或半自动为主。为了保证COB LED产品质量一致性、提高生产效率,研制了一种COB自动在线点胶测试及补粉一体机,实现点胶、测试、补粉生产工序的自动化生产。阐述了其工艺流程及设计总体方案,提出了荧光粉量修补方法,修正初次点胶量,实现动态调节,减少人工干预。经实验验证,该一体机可以提高点胶工艺的自动化程度,具有运行速度快、可靠性好、性能稳定等特点。     

综放高瓦斯矿井煤层瓦斯涌出量综合预测

为了成功预测竹林山煤矿综放高瓦斯矿井大采高工作面煤层瓦斯涌出量,以主采3号煤层为主要研究对象,针对3号煤层以往开采情况,通过布设测点测量其煤层瓦斯含量和了解相邻矿井瓦斯含量,采用分源预测法、回归法及统计法等预测方法得到了3号煤层瓦斯含量的分布规律,并绘制了3号煤层的瓦斯含量等值线图。对矿井不同生产时期的瓦斯含量进行预测,得到了生产前期、中期及后期采区的最大绝对瓦斯涌出量和最大相对瓦斯涌出量,说明了竹林山煤矿各个时期均属于高瓦斯矿井。     

Synthesis and characterization of [Zn(acetate)2(amine)x] compounds (x=1 or 2) and their use as precursors to ZnO

As an obvious candidate for a p-type dopant in ZnO, nitrogen remains elusive in this role. Nitrogen containing precursors are a potential means to incorporate nitrogen during MOCVD growth. One class of nitrogen-containing precursors are zinc acetate amines, yet, they have received little attention. The synthesis and single crystal X-ray structure of [Zn(acetate)₂(en)], and the synthesis of [Zn(acetate)₂(en)₂], [Zn(acetate)₂(benzylamine)₂], [Zn(acetate)₂(butylamine)₂], [Zn(acetate)₂(NH₃)₂], and [Zn(acetate)₂(tris)₂], where en=ethylenediamine and tris=(tris[hydroxymethyl]aminomethane) are reported. The compounds were characterized by thermogravimetric analysis and pyrolyzed in air and inert gas to yield ZnO. These compounds are useful single source precursors to ZnO bulk powders by alkali precipitation and ZnO thin films by spray pyrolysis. The amine bound to the zinc influences the ZnO crystal size and shape and acts as a nitrogen donor for preparing nitrogen-doped ZnO during alkali precipitation. Thin films of ZnO prepared by spray pyrolysis using the precursors had a (100) preferred orientation and measured n-type to intrinsic conductivity.